一种通过地形指数计算流域蓄水容量的方法   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

石朋  芮孝芳  瞿思敏  陈喜 《水科学进展》2008,19(2):264-267

在概念性分布式水文模型中,单元格蓄水容量的确定成为一个难题。考虑到单元格蓄水容量同地形指数之间的相似性,发现地形指数同蓄水容量间满足位移量为零的对数维布尔分布函数,建立了地形指数同单元格蓄水容量之间的函数关系,从而可通过单元格地形指数求取单元格的蓄水容量,在一定程度上解决了分布式水文模型中产流参数的离散化问题。  相似文献   

西藏冈底斯甲马和南木矿床流体包裹体SR-XRF研究   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

连玉  徐文艺  杨丹  陈伟十  曲晓明  陈栋梁 《岩石矿物学杂志》2008,27(3):185-198

对西藏冈底斯铜多金属成矿带中甲马和南木矿床的流体包裹体开展了系统的同步辐射X射线荧光(SR-XRF)微束原位无损分析,结果显示:甲马矿床流体包裹体中高Cr、Pb,低Ni、Fe,且存在高于地壳丰度的Pt、Ir含量异常;南木矿床流体包裹体中高Cr、Cu、Pb,低Ni、Fe、Zn,晚期有Au富集,Cu倾向于在高盐度流体中富集.甲马和南木两矿床成矿流体中元素的原始地幔标准化模式与两矿区的成矿斑岩大体类似,显示出两矿床与区内斑岩在物质来源上具有亲缘性,幔源和壳源物质共同参与了成矿.但Cr含量的差异也显示出,尽管成矿流体与斑岩岩浆可能都起源于深部,但二者在演化上是平行的.对于甲马矿床的成因,流体包裹体SR-XRF原位组成分析以及显微测温结果不支持喷流沉积成因观点.  相似文献   

应用短期停蓄法计算涝区排水模数     

邹文安  辛玉琛  曲莹  马继坤  姜波  王洪义 《水文》2008,28(5)

本文简要介绍了涝区排水模数不同计算方法,提出了应用短期停蓄法计算涝区排水模数过程,并用实例加以论证.事实说明,该方法理论依据充分,符合实际,计算结果合理.  相似文献   

Isotope tracer in watershed hydrological modeling          下载免费PDF全文

Jeffrey J.McDonnell  SHI Peng  QU Si-min  BAO Wei-min  Jeffrey J.McDonnell  Jeffrey J.McDonnell  YU Zhong-bo  SHI Peng 《水科学进展》2008,19(4)

  相似文献   

Distribution of Palygorskite in the Lingtai Profile of Chinese Loess Plateau： Its Paleoclimatic Implications     

XIE Qiaoqin  CHEN Tianhu  CHEN Jun  JI Junfeng  XU Huifang  XU Xiaochun 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(5)

Palygorskite is a typical indicator mineral of the arid and strong evaporation environment. Distribution of palygorskite in loess-red clay sequences may act as an important indicator for reconstruction of the paleoenvironment and paleoclimate.In this paper,field emission scanning electron microscope and high-resolution transmission electron microscope observations on the red clay-loess-paleosol of the Renjiapo profile at Lingtai,Gansu Province indicate that palygorskite occurs widely in red clay sequences formed before 3.6 Ma,but no occurrence has been found in eolian sediments since 3.2 Ma.Micromorphological features and microstructure of palygorskite show that it is an autogenic mineral formed during pedogenesis,and transformed from illite-montmorillonite under the pore water action.In the Lingtai profile,the disappearance horizon of palygorskite is consistent with those of increasing magnetic susceptibility,dust flux and depositional rate.The distribution of palygorskite in the profile indicates that the interval of around 3.6 Ma was an important transformation period of the East Asian paleomonsoon,when changes took place in the East Asia paleoclimate pattern,i.e.a high-frequency strong fluctuation alternative evolution of the environment. Therefore,palygorskite is a key indicator mineral of the East Asian paleomonsoon evolution of that time.  相似文献   

东天山中段地球化学分区及其特征     

崔彬  和志军  赵磊  董连慧  刘拓  屈君 《物探与化探》2008,32(5)

东天山地处塔里木板块北部边缘,地质构造背景十分复杂,它们在构造演化特征、岩浆活动、地球化学环境以及地层和断裂构造的分布等诸方面均有较大的差异,因此有必要对其进行地球化学分区,以此为基础才能正确地识别区内的地球化学找矿异常信息和成矿元素之间的关系,并对其进行科学有效的评价。笔者将研究区划分为4个地球化学区,即大南湖岛弧区、小热泉子弧间盆地区、康古尔韧性剪切变形带区和雅满苏弧后盆地区,分析了它们的特点,为进行地球化学背景值和异常下限的确定,以及综合成矿预测奠定了扎实的基础。  相似文献   

Ca isotopic compositions of dolomite, phosphorite and the oldest animal embryo fossils from the Neoproterozoic in Weng'an, South China   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Tsuyoshi Komiya  Akinobu Suga  Tsuyoshi Ohno  Jian Han  Junfeng Guo  Shinji Yamamoto  Takafumi Hirata  Yong Li 《Gondwana Research》2008,14(1-2):209

Deciphering the drastic changes of surface environment and the emergence of animals after the Neoproterozoic Snowball Earth event are important for understanding the changes of surface environment and its influence on the evolution of life through geologic time. Especially, the emergence of two types of Metazoan animals such as animal embryo fossils, cnidarians or sponges, and Ediacaran fauna in the late Neoproterozoic was one of the critical turning points in the biological evolution.Calcium is one of the essential elements for the growth of most animals. In this study, in order to evaluate the Ca cycles in the Neoproterozoic, we have measured Ca isotopic ratios (⁴⁴Ca/⁴²Ca and ⁴³Ca/⁴²Ca) for phosphorite, dolostone and phosphatic animal embryo fossils with a multiple collector, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (MC-ICP-MS). The resulting ⁴⁴Ca/⁴²Ca ratio defined by the relative deviation from the ratio of NIST SRM915a (δ^44/42Ca_NIST915) for phosphorite and dolostone ranges from 0.83 to 0.95‰, demonstrating that the fractionation between phosphorite/dolostone and seawater was very small. This evidence indicates that at the emergence of the Weng'an biota seawater was deficient in Ca probably due to mass deposition of phosphorite/dolostone and to the beginning of Ca-biomineralization.Three phosphatic animal embryo fossils have lower δ^44/42Ca values than the phosphorite and dolomite, implying that the precursor of the phosphatic embryo fossils was able to fractionate Ca isotopes through Ca-biomineralization, consistent with marine gastropods.  相似文献   

无机改性膨润土防渗层性能研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王铁军  赵勇胜  屈智慧  周睿  刘莹莹  吴倩芳  吕聪  侯戈 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2008,38(3):463-467

通过实验室实验确定2mol/L氯化镁、0.5mol/L硫酸和450℃高温为天然钠基膨润土盐改性、酸改性和高温改性的最佳条件。采用上述3种无机改性方式填装防渗层,就其对垃圾渗滤液中主要污染物去除的有效性和控制垃圾渗滤液渗透的可行性进行研究。实验结果显示:3种无机改性膨润土的吸附能力和容量有所提高;渗透系数可达到1×10-7cm/s以下,可以作为"反应型"防渗层材料;在相同渗透量下,高温改性膨润土对垃圾渗滤液中主要污染物的去除效果最好,其次是酸改性膨润土,盐改性膨润土最差。  相似文献   

孔内制作钢筋笼新技术在大直径超深人工挖孔桩施工中的应用     

孙丙伦  王湘涛  栾国栋  曲红专 《华北地质》2008,31(3)

基桩工程施工中,传统工艺方法是在地面上专门制作钢筋笼,然后吊运、安放在桩孔内。这对大直径超深人工挖孔灌注桩施工来讲十分困难,难以保证工程质量。采用在孔内直接制作钢筋笼新的技术方法,将钢筋笼制作、安放工序在桩孔内直接同步完成,省去了大直径钢筋笼的吊运、安放工序,很好地解决了地面制作大直径钢筋笼的特殊支撑、加固以及吊运、安放过程中的变形等难题。提高了施工效率,降低了作业成本,确保了工程质量,具有较好的推广应用价值。  相似文献   

CO2流体对岩屑长石砂岩改造作用的实验   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3  

曲希玉  刘立  马瑞  胡大千  陈雪  王彦明 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2008,38(6)

通过密闭容器中CO2-H2O-砂岩体系相互作用实验,研究了不同温度和压力下CO2流体对岩屑长石砂岩成分的改造。反应后溶液中总矿化度的变化、样品质量的损失及扫描电镜(SEM)的观察结果表明:长石、方解石和石英的溶蚀强度随温度的升高而增大,CO2流体对岩屑长石砂岩的溶蚀作用与温度正相关;同时通过扫描电镜观察发现,200℃和300℃时样品表面均有一种未知的铝硅酸盐矿物生成,并通过反应液的pH值及各种离子浓度的变化解释了CO2流体-砂岩相互作用过程中矿物溶解、沉淀的机制。  相似文献